Annex C (informative) Compatibility [diff]

C.5 C standard library [diff.library]

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This subclause summarizes the explicit changes in headers, definitions, declarations, or behavior between the C standard library in the C standard and the parts of the C++ standard library that were included from the C standard library.

C.5.1 Modifications to headers [diff.mods.to.headers]

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For compatibility with the C standard library, the C++ standard library provides the C headers enumerated in [depr.c.headers], but their use is deprecated in C++.

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There are no C++ headers for the C headers <stdatomic.h>, <stdnoreturn.h>, and <threads.h>, nor are the C headers themselves part of C++.

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The C++headers <ccomplex> ([depr.ccomplex.syn]) and <ctgmath> ([depr.ctgmath.syn]), as well as their corresponding C headers <complex.h> and <tgmath.h>, do not contain any of the content from the C standard library and instead merely include other headers from the C++ standard library.

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The headers <ciso646>, <cstdalign> ([depr.cstdalign.syn]), and <cstdbool> ([depr.cstdbool.syn]) are meaningless in C++. Use of the C++ headers <ccomplex>, <cstdalign>, <cstdbool>, and <ctgmath> is deprecated ([depr.c.headers]).

C.5.2 Modifications to definitions [diff.mods.to.definitions]

C.5.2.1 Types char16_­t and char32_­t [diff.char16]

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The types char16_­t and char32_­t are distinct types rather than typedefs to existing integral types. The tokens char16_­t and char32_­t are keywords in this International Standard. They do not appear as macro names defined in <cuchar>.

C.5.2.2 Type wchar_­t [diff.wchar.t]

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The type wchar_­t is a distinct type rather than a typedef to an existing integral type. The token wchar_­t is a keyword in this International Standard. It does not appear as a type name defined in any of <cstddef>, <cstdlib>, or <cwchar>.

C.5.2.3 Header <assert.h> [diff.header.assert.h]

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The token static_­assert is a keyword in this International Standard. It does not appear as a macro name defined in <cassert>.

C.5.2.4 Header <iso646.h> [diff.header.iso646.h]

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The tokens and, and_­eq, bitand, bitor, compl, not_­eq, not, or, or_­eq, xor, and xor_­eq are keywords in this International Standard. They do not appear as macro names defined in <ciso646>.

C.5.2.5 Header <stdalign.h> [diff.header.stdalign.h]

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The token alignas is a keyword in this International Standard ([lex.key]). It does not appear as a macro name defined in <cstdalign> ([depr.cstdalign.syn]).

C.5.2.6 Header <stdbool.h> [diff.header.stdbool.h]

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The tokens bool, true, and false are keywords in this International Standard. They do not appear as macro names defined in <cstdbool> ([depr.cstdbool.syn]).

C.5.2.7 Macro NULL [diff.null]

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The macro NULL, defined in any of <clocale>, <cstddef>, <cstdio>, <cstdlib>, <cstring>, <ctime>, or <cwchar>, is an implementation-defined C++ null pointer constant in this International Standard ([support.types]).

C.5.3 Modifications to declarations [diff.mods.to.declarations]

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Header <cstring>: The following functions have different declarations:

Subclause [cstring.syn] describes the changes.

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Header <cwchar>: The following functions have different declarations:

Subclause [cwchar.syn] describes the changes.

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Header <cstddef> declares the name nullptr_­t in addition to the names declared in <stddef.h> in the C standard library.

C.5.4 Modifications to behavior [diff.mods.to.behavior]

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Header <cstdlib>: The following functions have different behavior:

Subclause [support.start.term] describes the changes.

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Header <csetjmp>: The following functions have different behavior:

Subclause [csetjmp.syn] describes the changes.

C.5.4.1 Macro offsetof(type, member-designator) [diff.offsetof]

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The macro offsetof, defined in <cstddef>, accepts a restricted set of type arguments in this International Standard. Subclause [support.types.layout] describes the change.

C.5.4.2 Memory allocation functions [diff.malloc]

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The functions aligned_­alloc, calloc, malloc, and realloc are restricted in this International Standard. Subclause [c.malloc] describes the changes.