If any operation would cause size() to exceed max_size(), that operation shall throw an exception object of type length_error.
If any member function or operator of basic_string throws an exception, that function or operator shall have no other effect.
In every specialization basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>, the type allocator_traits<Allocator>::value_type shall name the same type as charT. Every object of type basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator> shall use an object of type Allocator to allocate and free storage for the contained charT objects as needed. The Allocator object used shall be obtained as described in [container.requirements.general]. In every specialization basic_string<charT, traits, Allocator>, the type traits shall satisfy the character traits requirements ([char.traits]), and the type traits::char_type shall name the same type as charT.
References, pointers, and iterators referring to the elements of a basic_string sequence may be invalidated by the following uses of that basic_string object:
as an argument to any standard library function taking a reference to non-const basic_string as an argument.226
Calling non-const member functions, except operator[], at, data, front, back, begin, rbegin, end, and rend.
For example, as an argument to non-member functions swap(), operator>>(), and getline(), or as an argument to basic_string::swap().