25 Ranges library [ranges]

25.7 Range adaptors [range.adaptors]

25.7.27 Adjacent view [range.adjacent]

25.7.27.1 Overview [range.adjacent.overview]

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adjacent_view takes a view and produces a view whose element is a tuple of references to the through elements of the original view.
If the original view has fewer than N elements, the resulting view is empty.
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The name views​::​adjacent<N> denotes a range adaptor object ([range.adaptor.object]).
Given a subexpression E and a constant expression N, the expression views​::​adjacent<N>(E) is expression-equivalent to
  • (2.1)
    ((void)E, auto(views​::​empty<tuple<>>)) if N is equal to 0 and decltype((E)) models forward_range,
  • (2.2)
    otherwise, adjacent_view<views​::​all_t<decltype((E))>, N>(E).
[Example 1: vector v = {1, 2, 3, 4}; for (auto i : v | views::adjacent<2>) { cout << "(" << std::get<0>(i) << ", " << std::get<1>(i) << ") "; // prints (1, 2) (2, 3) (3, 4) } — end example]
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Define REPEAT(T, N) as a pack of N types, each of which denotes the same type as T.

25.7.27.2 Class template adjacent_view [range.adjacent.view]

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namespace std::ranges { template<forward_range V, size_t N> requires view<V> && (N > 0) class adjacent_view : public view_interface<adjacent_view<V, N>> { V base_ = V(); // exposition only // [range.adjacent.iterator], class template adjacent_view​::​iterator template<bool> class iterator; // exposition only // [range.adjacent.sentinel], class template adjacent_view​::​sentinel template<bool> class sentinel; // exposition only struct as-sentinel{}; // exposition only public: adjacent_view() requires default_initializable<V> = default; constexpr explicit adjacent_view(V base); constexpr V base() const & requires copy_constructible<V> { return base_; } constexpr V base() && { return std::move(base_); } constexpr auto begin() requires (!simple-view<V>) { return iterator<false>(ranges::begin(base_), ranges::end(base_)); } constexpr auto begin() const requires range<const V> { return iterator<true>(ranges::begin(base_), ranges::end(base_)); } constexpr auto end() requires (!simple-view<V>) { if constexpr (common_range<V>) { return iterator<false>(as-sentinel{}, ranges::begin(base_), ranges::end(base_)); } else { return sentinel<false>(ranges::end(base_)); } } constexpr auto end() const requires range<const V> { if constexpr (common_range<const V>) { return iterator<true>(as-sentinel{}, ranges::begin(base_), ranges::end(base_)); } else { return sentinel<true>(ranges::end(base_)); } } constexpr auto size() requires sized_range<V>; constexpr auto size() const requires sized_range<const V>; }; }
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constexpr explicit adjacent_view(V base);
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Effects: Initializes base_ with std​::​move(base).
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constexpr auto size() requires sized_range<V>; constexpr auto size() const requires sized_range<const V>;
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Effects: Equivalent to: using ST = decltype(ranges::size(base_)); using CT = common_type_t<ST, size_t>; auto sz = static_cast<CT>(ranges::size(base_)); sz -= std::min<CT>(sz, N - 1); return static_cast<ST>(sz);

25.7.27.3 Class template adjacent_view​::​iterator [range.adjacent.iterator]

namespace std::ranges { template<forward_range V, size_t N> requires view<V> && (N > 0) template<bool Const> class adjacent_view<V, N>::iterator { using Base = maybe-const<Const, V>; // exposition only array<iterator_t<Base>, N> current_ = array<iterator_t<Base>, N>(); // exposition only constexpr iterator(iterator_t<Base> first, sentinel_t<Base> last); // exposition only constexpr iterator(as-sentinel, iterator_t<Base> first, iterator_t<Base> last); // exposition only public: using iterator_category = input_iterator_tag; using iterator_concept = see below; using value_type = tuple<REPEAT(range_value_t<Base>, N)...>; using difference_type = range_difference_t<Base>; iterator() = default; constexpr iterator(iterator<!Const> i) requires Const && convertible_to<iterator_t<V>, iterator_t<Base>>; constexpr auto operator*() const; constexpr iterator& operator++(); constexpr iterator operator++(int); constexpr iterator& operator--() requires bidirectional_range<Base>; constexpr iterator operator--(int) requires bidirectional_range<Base>; constexpr iterator& operator+=(difference_type x) requires random_access_range<Base>; constexpr iterator& operator-=(difference_type x) requires random_access_range<Base>; constexpr auto operator[](difference_type n) const requires random_access_range<Base>; friend constexpr bool operator==(const iterator& x, const iterator& y); friend constexpr bool operator<(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires random_access_range<Base>; friend constexpr bool operator>(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires random_access_range<Base>; friend constexpr bool operator<=(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires random_access_range<Base>; friend constexpr bool operator>=(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires random_access_range<Base>; friend constexpr auto operator<=>(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires random_access_range<Base> && three_way_comparable<iterator_t<Base>>; friend constexpr iterator operator+(const iterator& i, difference_type n) requires random_access_range<Base>; friend constexpr iterator operator+(difference_type n, const iterator& i) requires random_access_range<Base>; friend constexpr iterator operator-(const iterator& i, difference_type n) requires random_access_range<Base>; friend constexpr difference_type operator-(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires sized_sentinel_for<iterator_t<Base>, iterator_t<Base>>; friend constexpr auto iter_move(const iterator& i) noexcept(see below); friend constexpr void iter_swap(const iterator& l, const iterator& r) noexcept(see below) requires indirectly_swappable<iterator_t<Base>>; }; }
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iterator​::​iterator_concept is defined as follows:
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If the invocation of any non-const member function of iterator exits via an exception, the iterator acquires a singular value.
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constexpr iterator(iterator_t<Base> first, sentinel_t<Base> last);
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Postconditions: current_[0] == first is true, and for every integer , current_[i] == ranges​::​next(current_[i-1], 1, last) is true.
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constexpr iterator(as-sentinel, iterator_t<Base> first, iterator_t<Base> last);
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Postconditions: If Base does not model bidirectional_range, each element of current_ is equal to last.
Otherwise, current_[N-1] == last is true, and for every integer , current_[i] == ranges​::​prev(current_[i+1], 1, first) is true.
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constexpr iterator(iterator<!Const> i) requires Const && convertible_to<iterator_t<V>, iterator_t<Base>>;
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Effects: Initializes each element of current_ with the corresponding element of i.current_ as an xvalue.
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constexpr auto operator*() const;
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Effects: Equivalent to: return tuple-transform([](auto& i) -> decltype(auto) { return *i; }, current_);
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constexpr iterator& operator++();
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Preconditions: current_.back() is incrementable.
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Postconditions: Each element of current_ is equal to ranges​::​next(i), where i is the value of that element before the call.
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Returns: *this.
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constexpr iterator operator++(int);
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Effects: Equivalent to: auto tmp = *this; ++*this; return tmp;
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constexpr iterator& operator--() requires bidirectional_range<Base>;
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Preconditions: current_.front() is decrementable.
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Postconditions: Each element of current_ is equal to ranges​::​prev(i), where i is the value of that element before the call.
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Returns: *this.
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constexpr iterator operator--(int) requires bidirectional_range<Base>;
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Effects: Equivalent to: auto tmp = *this; --*this; return tmp;
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constexpr iterator& operator+=(difference_type x) requires random_access_range<Base>;
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Preconditions: current_.back() + x has well-defined behavior.
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Postconditions: Each element of current_ is equal to i + x, where i is the value of that element before the call.
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Returns: *this.
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constexpr iterator& operator-=(difference_type x) requires random_access_range<Base>;
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Preconditions: current_.front() - x has well-defined behavior.
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Postconditions: Each element of current_ is equal to i - x, where i is the value of that element before the call.
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Returns: *this.
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constexpr auto operator[](difference_type n) const requires random_access_range<Base>;
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Effects: Equivalent to: return tuple-transform([&](auto& i) -> decltype(auto) { return i[n]; }, current_);
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friend constexpr bool operator==(const iterator& x, const iterator& y);
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Returns: x.current_.back() == y.current_.back().
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friend constexpr bool operator<(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires random_access_range<Base>;
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Returns: x.current_.back() < y.current_.back().
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friend constexpr bool operator>(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires random_access_range<Base>;
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Effects: Equivalent to: return y < x;
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friend constexpr bool operator<=(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires random_access_range<Base>;
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Effects: Equivalent to: return !(y < x);
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friend constexpr bool operator>=(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires random_access_range<Base>;
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Effects: Equivalent to: return !(x < y);
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friend constexpr auto operator<=>(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires random_access_range<Base> && three_way_comparable<iterator_t<Base>>;
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Returns: x.current_.back() <=> y.current_.back().
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friend constexpr iterator operator+(const iterator& i, difference_type n) requires random_access_range<Base>; friend constexpr iterator operator+(difference_type n, const iterator& i) requires random_access_range<Base>;
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Effects: Equivalent to: auto r = i; r += n; return r;
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friend constexpr iterator operator-(const iterator& i, difference_type n) requires random_access_range<Base>;
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Effects: Equivalent to: auto r = i; r -= n; return r;
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friend constexpr difference_type operator-(const iterator& x, const iterator& y) requires sized_sentinel_for<iterator_t<Base>, iterator_t<Base>>;
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Effects: Equivalent to: return x.current_.back() - y.current_.back();
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friend constexpr auto iter_move(const iterator& i) noexcept(see below);
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Effects: Equivalent to: return tuple-transform(ranges​::​iter_move, i.current_);
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Remarks: The exception specification is equivalent to: noexcept(ranges::iter_move(declval<const iterator_t<Base>&>())) && is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<range_rvalue_reference_t<Base>>
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friend constexpr void iter_swap(const iterator& l, const iterator& r) noexcept(see below) requires indirectly_swappable<iterator_t<Base>>;
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Preconditions: None of the iterators in l.current_ is equal to an iterator in r.current_.
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Effects: For every integer , performs ranges​::​iter_swap(l.current_[i], r.current_[i]).
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Remarks: The exception specification is equivalent to: noexcept(ranges::iter_swap(declval<iterator_t<Base>>(), declval<iterator_t<Base>>()))

25.7.27.4 Class template adjacent_view​::​sentinel [range.adjacent.sentinel]

namespace std::ranges { template<forward_range V, size_t N> requires view<V> && (N > 0) template<bool Const> class adjacent_view<V, N>::sentinel { using Base = maybe-const<Const, V>; // exposition only sentinel_t<Base> end_ = sentinel_t<Base>(); // exposition only constexpr explicit sentinel(sentinel_t<Base> end); // exposition only public: sentinel() = default; constexpr sentinel(sentinel<!Const> i) requires Const && convertible_to<sentinel_t<V>, sentinel_t<Base>>; template<bool OtherConst> requires sentinel_for<sentinel_t<Base>, iterator_t<maybe-const<OtherConst, V>>> friend constexpr bool operator==(const iterator<OtherConst>& x, const sentinel& y); template<bool OtherConst> requires sized_sentinel_for<sentinel_t<Base>, iterator_t<maybe-const<OtherConst, V>>> friend constexpr range_difference_t<maybe-const<OtherConst, V>> operator-(const iterator<OtherConst>& x, const sentinel& y); template<bool OtherConst> requires sized_sentinel_for<sentinel_t<Base>, iterator_t<maybe-const<OtherConst, V>>> friend constexpr range_difference_t<maybe-const<OtherConst, V>> operator-(const sentinel& y, const iterator<OtherConst>& x); }; }
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constexpr explicit sentinel(sentinel_t<Base> end);
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Effects: Initializes end_ with end.
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constexpr sentinel(sentinel<!Const> i) requires Const && convertible_to<sentinel_t<V>, sentinel_t<Base>>;
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Effects: Initializes end_ with std​::​move(i.end_).
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template<bool OtherConst> requires sentinel_for<sentinel_t<Base>, iterator_t<maybe-const<OtherConst, V>>> friend constexpr bool operator==(const iterator<OtherConst>& x, const sentinel& y);
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Effects: Equivalent to: return x.current_.back() == y.end_;
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template<bool OtherConst> requires sized_sentinel_for<sentinel_t<Base>, iterator_t<maybe-const<OtherConst, V>>> friend constexpr range_difference_t<maybe-const<OtherConst, V>> operator-(const iterator<OtherConst>& x, const sentinel& y);
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Effects: Equivalent to: return x.current_.back() - y.end_;
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template<bool OtherConst> requires sized_sentinel_for<sentinel_t<Base>, iterator_t<maybe-const<OtherConst, V>>> friend constexpr range_difference_t<maybe-const<OtherConst, V>> operator-(const sentinel& y, const iterator<OtherConst>& x);
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Effects: Equivalent to: return y.end_ - x.current_.back();