22 General utilities library [utilities]

22.6 Variants [variant]

22.6.3 Class template variant [variant.variant]

22.6.3.2 Constructors [variant.ctor]

In the descriptions that follow, let i be in the range [0, sizeof...(Types)), and be the type in Types.
constexpr variant() noexcept(see below);
Constraints: is_default_constructible_v<> is true.
Effects: Constructs a variant holding a value-initialized value of type .
Postconditions: valueless_by_exception() is false and index() is 0.
Throws: Any exception thrown by the value-initialization of .
Remarks: This function is constexpr if and only if the value-initialization of the alternative type would be constexpr-suitable ([dcl.constexpr]).
The exception specification is equivalent to is_nothrow_default_constructible_v<>.
[Note 1: 
See also class monostate.
— end note]
constexpr variant(const variant& w);
Effects: If w holds a value, initializes the variant to hold the same alternative as w and direct-initializes the contained value with get<j>(w), where j is w.index().
Otherwise, initializes the variant to not hold a value.
Throws: Any exception thrown by direct-initializing any for all i.
Remarks: This constructor is defined as deleted unless is_copy_constructible_v<> is true for all i.
If is_trivially_copy_constructible_v<> is true for all i, this constructor is trivial.
constexpr variant(variant&& w) noexcept(see below);
Constraints: is_move_constructible_v<> is true for all i.
Effects: If w holds a value, initializes the variant to hold the same alternative as w and direct-initializes the contained value with get<j>(std​::​move(w)), where j is w.index().
Otherwise, initializes the variant to not hold a value.
Throws: Any exception thrown by move-constructing any for all i.
Remarks: The exception specification is equivalent to the logical and of is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<> for all i.
If is_trivially_move_constructible_v<> is true for all i, this constructor is trivial.
template<class T> constexpr variant(T&& t) noexcept(see below);
Let be a type that is determined as follows: build an imaginary function FUN() for each alternative type for which x[] = {std​::​forward<T>(t)}; is well-formed for some invented variable x.
The overload FUN() selected by overload resolution for the expression FUN(std​::​forward<T>(​t)) defines the alternative which is the type of the contained value after construction.
Constraints:
  • sizeof...(Types) is nonzero,
  • is_same_v<remove_cvref_t<T>, variant> is false,
  • remove_cvref_t<T> is neither a specialization of in_place_type_t nor a specialization of in_place_index_t,
  • is_constructible_v<, T> is true, and
  • the expression FUN(std​::​forward<T>(t)) (with FUN being the above-mentioned set of imaginary functions) is well-formed.
    [Note 2: 
    variant<string, string> v("abc"); is ill-formed, as both alternative types have an equally viable constructor for the argument.
    — end note]
Effects: Initializes *this to hold the alternative type and direct-non-list-initializes the contained value with std​::​forward<T>(t).
Postconditions: holds_alternative<>(*this) is true.
Throws: Any exception thrown by the initialization of the selected alternative .
Remarks: The exception specification is equivalent to is_nothrow_constructible_v<, T>.
If 's selected constructor is a constexpr constructor, this constructor is a constexpr constructor.
template<class T, class... Args> constexpr explicit variant(in_place_type_t<T>, Args&&... args);
Constraints:
  • There is exactly one occurrence of T in Types... and
  • is_constructible_v<T, Args...> is true.
Effects: Direct-non-list-initializes the contained value of type T with std​::​forward<Args>(args)....
Postconditions: holds_alternative<T>(*this) is true.
Throws: Any exception thrown by calling the selected constructor of T.
Remarks: If T's selected constructor is a constexpr constructor, this constructor is a constexpr constructor.
template<class T, class U, class... Args> constexpr explicit variant(in_place_type_t<T>, initializer_list<U> il, Args&&... args);
Constraints:
  • There is exactly one occurrence of T in Types... and
  • is_constructible_v<T, initializer_list<U>&, Args...> is true.
Effects: Direct-non-list-initializes the contained value of type T with il, std​::​forward<Args>(​args)....
Postconditions: holds_alternative<T>(*this) is true.
Throws: Any exception thrown by calling the selected constructor of T.
Remarks: If T's selected constructor is a constexpr constructor, this constructor is a constexpr constructor.
template<size_t I, class... Args> constexpr explicit variant(in_place_index_t<I>, Args&&... args);
Constraints:
  • I is less than sizeof...(Types) and
  • is_constructible_v<, Args...> is true.
Effects: Direct-non-list-initializes the contained value of type with std​::​forward<Args>(args)....
Postconditions: index() is I.
Throws: Any exception thrown by calling the selected constructor of .
Remarks: If 's selected constructor is a constexpr constructor, this constructor is a constexpr constructor.
template<size_t I, class U, class... Args> constexpr explicit variant(in_place_index_t<I>, initializer_list<U> il, Args&&... args);
Constraints:
  • I is less than sizeof...(Types) and
  • is_constructible_v<, initializer_list<U>&, Args...> is true.
Effects: Direct-non-list-initializes the contained value of type with il, std​::​forward<Args>(​args)....
Postconditions: index() is I.
Remarks: If 's selected constructor is a constexpr constructor, this constructor is a constexpr constructor.