19 Diagnostics library [diagnostics]

19.6 Stacktrace [stacktrace]

19.6.4 Class template basic_stacktrace [stacktrace.basic]

19.6.4.1 Overview [stacktrace.basic.overview]

namespace std { template<class Allocator> class basic_stacktrace { public: using value_type = stacktrace_entry; using const_reference = const value_type&; using reference = value_type&; using const_iterator = implementation-defined; // see [stacktrace.basic.obs] using iterator = const_iterator; using reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<iterator>; using const_reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator>; using difference_type = implementation-defined; using size_type = implementation-defined; using allocator_type = Allocator; // [stacktrace.basic.cons], creation and assignment static basic_stacktrace current(const allocator_type& alloc = allocator_type()) noexcept; static basic_stacktrace current(size_type skip, const allocator_type& alloc = allocator_type()) noexcept; static basic_stacktrace current(size_type skip, size_type max_depth, const allocator_type& alloc = allocator_type()) noexcept; basic_stacktrace() noexcept(is_nothrow_default_constructible_v<allocator_type>); explicit basic_stacktrace(const allocator_type& alloc) noexcept; basic_stacktrace(const basic_stacktrace& other); basic_stacktrace(basic_stacktrace&& other) noexcept; basic_stacktrace(const basic_stacktrace& other, const allocator_type& alloc); basic_stacktrace(basic_stacktrace&& other, const allocator_type& alloc); basic_stacktrace& operator=(const basic_stacktrace& other); basic_stacktrace& operator=(basic_stacktrace&& other) noexcept(allocator_traits<Allocator>::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value || allocator_traits<Allocator>::is_always_equal::value); ~basic_stacktrace(); // [stacktrace.basic.obs], observers allocator_type get_allocator() const noexcept; const_iterator begin() const noexcept; const_iterator end() const noexcept; const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept; const_reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept; const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept; const_iterator cend() const noexcept; const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept; const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept; [[nodiscard]] bool empty() const noexcept; size_type size() const noexcept; size_type max_size() const noexcept; const_reference operator[](size_type) const; const_reference at(size_type) const; // [stacktrace.basic.cmp], comparisons template<class Allocator2> friend bool operator==(const basic_stacktrace& x, const basic_stacktrace<Allocator2>& y) noexcept; template<class Allocator2> friend strong_ordering operator<=>(const basic_stacktrace& x, const basic_stacktrace<Allocator2>& y) noexcept; // [stacktrace.basic.mod], modifiers void swap(basic_stacktrace& other) noexcept(allocator_traits<Allocator>::propagate_on_container_swap::value || allocator_traits<Allocator>::is_always_equal::value); private: vector<value_type, allocator_type> frames_; // exposition only }; }

The class template basic_stacktrace satisfies the requirements of a reversible container ([container.rev.reqmts]), of an allocator-aware container ([container.alloc.reqmts]), and of a sequence container ([sequence.reqmts]), except that

(1.1)
only move, assignment, swap, and operations defined for const-qualified sequence containers are supported and,
(1.2)
the semantics of comparison functions are different from those required for a container.

19.6.4.2 Creation and assignment [stacktrace.basic.cons]

🔗

static basic_stacktrace current(const allocator_type& alloc = allocator_type()) noexcept;

Returns: A basic_stacktrace object with frames_ storing the stacktrace of the current evaluation in the current thread of execution, or an empty basic_stacktrace object if the initialization of frames_ failed.

alloc is passed to the constructor of the frames_ object.

[Note 1:

If the stacktrace was successfully obtained, then frames_.front() is the stacktrace_entry representing approximately the current evaluation, and frames_.back() is the stacktrace_entry representing approximately the initial function of the current thread of execution.

— end note]

🔗

static basic_stacktrace current(size_type skip,
                                const allocator_type& alloc = allocator_type()) noexcept;

Let t be a stacktrace as-if obtained via basic_stacktrace::current(alloc).

Let n be t.size().

Returns: A basic_stacktrace object where frames_ is direct-non-list-initialized from arguments t.begin() + min(n, skip), t.end(), and alloc, or an empty basic_stacktrace object if the initialization of frames_ failed.

🔗

static basic_stacktrace current(size_type skip, size_type max_depth,
                                const allocator_type& alloc = allocator_type()) noexcept;

Let t be a stacktrace as-if obtained via basic_stacktrace::current(alloc).

Let n be t.size().

Preconditions: skip <= skip + max_depth is true.

Returns: A basic_stacktrace object where frames_ is direct-non-list-initialized from arguments t.begin() + min(n, skip), t.begin() + min(n, skip + max_depth), and alloc, or an empty basic_stacktrace object if the initialization of frames_ failed.

🔗

basic_stacktrace() noexcept(is_nothrow_default_constructible_v<allocator_type>);

Postconditions: empty() is true.

🔗

explicit basic_stacktrace(const allocator_type& alloc) noexcept;

Effects: alloc is passed to the frames_ constructor.

Postconditions: empty() is true.

🔗

basic_stacktrace(const basic_stacktrace& other);
basic_stacktrace(const basic_stacktrace& other, const allocator_type& alloc);
basic_stacktrace(basic_stacktrace&& other, const allocator_type& alloc);
basic_stacktrace& operator=(const basic_stacktrace& other);
basic_stacktrace& operator=(basic_stacktrace&& other)
  noexcept(allocator_traits<Allocator>::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value ||
    allocator_traits<Allocator>::is_always_equal::value);

Remarks: Implementations may strengthen the exception specification for these functions ([res.on.exception.handling]) by ensuring that empty() is true on failed allocation.

19.6.4.3 Observers [stacktrace.basic.obs]

🔗

using const_iterator = implementation-defined;

The type models random_access_iterator ([iterator.concept.random.access]) and meets the Cpp17RandomAccessIterator requirements ([random.access.iterators]).

🔗

allocator_type get_allocator() const noexcept;

Returns: frames_.get_allocator().

🔗

const_iterator begin() const noexcept;
const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept;

Returns: An iterator referring to the first element in frames_.

If empty() is true, then it returns the same value as end().

🔗

const_iterator end() const noexcept;
const_iterator cend() const noexcept;

Returns: The end iterator.

🔗

const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept;
const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept;

Returns: reverse_iterator(cend()).

🔗

const_reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept;
const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept;

Returns: reverse_iterator(cbegin()).

🔗

[[nodiscard]] bool empty() const noexcept;

Returns: frames_.empty().

🔗

size_type size() const noexcept;

Returns: frames_.size().

🔗

size_type max_size() const noexcept;

Returns: frames_.max_size().

🔗

const_reference operator[](size_type frame_no) const;

Preconditions: frame_no < size() is true.

Returns: frames_[frame_no].

Throws: Nothing.

🔗

const_reference at(size_type frame_no) const;

Returns: frames_[frame_no].

Throws: out_of_range if frame_no >= size().

19.6.4.4 Comparisons [stacktrace.basic.cmp]

🔗

template<class Allocator2>
friend bool operator==(const basic_stacktrace& x, const basic_stacktrace<Allocator2>& y) noexcept;

Returns: equal(x.begin(), x.end(), y.begin(), y.end()).

🔗

template<class Allocator2>
friend strong_ordering
  operator<=>(const basic_stacktrace& x, const basic_stacktrace<Allocator2>& y) noexcept;

Returns: x.size() <=> y.size() if x.size() != y.size(); lexicographical_compare_three_way(x.begin(), x.end(), y.begin(), y.end()) otherwise.

19.6.4.5 Modifiers [stacktrace.basic.mod]

🔗

void swap(basic_stacktrace& other)
  noexcept(allocator_traits<Allocator>::propagate_on_container_swap::value ||
    allocator_traits<Allocator>::is_always_equal::value);

Effects: Exchanges the contents of *this and other.

19.6.4.6 Non-member functions [stacktrace.basic.nonmem]

🔗

template<class Allocator>
void swap(basic_stacktrace<Allocator>& a, basic_stacktrace<Allocator>& b)
  noexcept(noexcept(a.swap(b)));

Effects: Equivalent to a.swap(b).

🔗

string to_string(const stacktrace_entry& f);

Returns: A string with a description of f.

Recommended practice: The description should provide information about the contained evaluation, including information from f.source_file() and f.source_line().

🔗

template<class Allocator>
string to_string(const basic_stacktrace<Allocator>& st);

Returns: A string with a description of st.

[Note 1:

The number of lines is not guaranteed to be equal to st.size().

— end note]

🔗

ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const stacktrace_entry& f);

Effects: Equivalent to: return os << to_string(f);

🔗

template<class Allocator>
  ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const basic_stacktrace<Allocator>& st);

Effects: Equivalent to: return os << to_string(st);

19.6.4.7 Formatting support [stacktrace.format]

🔗

template<> struct formatter<stacktrace_entry>;

formatter<stacktrace_entry> interprets format-spec as a stacktrace-entry-format-spec.

The syntax of format specifications is as follows:

stacktrace-entry-format-spec:
fill-and-align

_{o p t}

width

_{o p t}

[Note 1:

The productions fill-and-align and width are described in [format.string.std].

— end note]

A stacktrace_entry object se is formatted as if by copying to_string(se) through the output iterator of the context with additional padding and adjustments as specified by the format specifiers.

🔗

template<class Allocator> struct formatter<basic_stacktrace<Allocator>>;

For formatter<basic_stacktrace<Allocator>>, format-spec is empty.

A basic_stacktrace<Allocator> object s is formatted as if by copying to_string(s) through the output iterator of the context.

19.6.4.8 Hash support [stacktrace.basic.hash]

🔗

template<> struct hash<stacktrace_entry>;
template<class Allocator> struct hash<basic_stacktrace<Allocator>>;

The specializations are enabled ([unord.hash]).