5 Lexical conventions [lex]

5.10 Identifiers [lex.name]

nondigit: one of
a b c d e f g h i j k l m
n o p q r s t u v w x y z
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z _
digit: one of
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1
#
An identifier is an arbitrarily long sequence of letters and digits.
Each universal-character-name in an identifier shall designate a character whose encoding in ISO/IEC 10646 falls into one of the ranges specified in Table 2.
The initial element shall not be a universal-character-name designating a character whose encoding falls into one of the ranges specified in Table 3.
Upper- and lower-case letters are different.
All characters are significant.18
Table 2: Ranges of characters allowed [tab:lex.name.allowed]
00A8
00AA
00AD
00AF
00B2-00B5
00B7-00BA
00BC-00BE
00C0-00D6
00D8-00F6
00F8-00FF
0100-167F
1681-180D
180F-1FFF
200B-200D
202A-202E
203F-2040
2054
2060-206F
2070-218F
2460-24FF
2776-2793
2C00-2DFF
2E80-2FFF
3004-3007
3021-302F
3031-D7FF
F900-FD3D
FD40-FDCF
FDF0-FE44
FE47-FFFD
10000-1FFFD
20000-2FFFD
30000-3FFFD
40000-4FFFD
50000-5FFFD
60000-6FFFD
70000-7FFFD
80000-8FFFD
90000-9FFFD
A0000-AFFFD
B0000-BFFFD
C0000-CFFFD
D0000-DFFFD
E0000-EFFFD
Table 3: Ranges of characters disallowed initially (combining characters) [tab:lex.name.disallowed]
0300-036F
1DC0-1DFF
20D0-20FF
FE20-FE2F
2
#
The identifiers in Table 4 have a special meaning when appearing in a certain context.
When referred to in the grammar, these identifiers are used explicitly rather than using the identifier grammar production.
Unless otherwise specified, any ambiguity as to whether a given identifier has a special meaning is resolved to interpret the token as a regular identifier.
Table 4: Identifiers with special meaning [tab:lex.name.special]
final
import
module
override
3
#
In addition, some identifiers are reserved for use by C++ implementations and shall not be used otherwise; no diagnostic is required.
  • (3.1)
    Each identifier that contains a double underscore __ or begins with an underscore followed by an uppercase letter is reserved to the implementation for any use.
  • (3.2)
    Each identifier that begins with an underscore is reserved to the implementation for use as a name in the global namespace.
18)
On systems in which linkers cannot accept extended characters, an encoding of the universal-character-name can be used in forming valid external identifiers.
For example, some otherwise unused character or sequence of characters can be used to encode the \u in a universal-character-name.
Extended characters can produce a long external identifier, but C++ does not place a translation limit on significant characters for external identifiers.
In C++, upper- and lower-case letters are considered different for all identifiers, including external identifiers.
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