23 Iterators library [iterators]

23.5 Iterator adaptors [predef.iterators]

23.5.4 Common iterators [iterators.common]

23.5.4.1 Class template common_­iterator [common.iterator]

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Class template common_­iterator is an iterator/sentinel adaptor that is capable of representing a non-common range of elements (where the types of the iterator and sentinel differ) as a common range (where they are the same).
It does this by holding either an iterator or a sentinel, and implementing the equality comparison operators appropriately.
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[ Note
:
The common_­iterator type is useful for interfacing with legacy code that expects the begin and end of a range to have the same type.
— end note
 ]
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[ Example
: 
template<class ForwardIterator>
void fun(ForwardIterator begin, ForwardIterator end);

list<int> s;
// populate the list s
using CI = common_iterator<counted_iterator<list<int>::iterator>, default_sentinel_t>;
// call fun on a range of 10 ints
fun(CI(counted_iterator(s.begin(), 10)), CI(default_sentinel));
— end example
 ]
namespace std {
  template<input_or_output_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S>
    requires (!same_as<I, S> && copyable<I>)
  class common_iterator {
  public:
    constexpr common_iterator() = default;
    constexpr common_iterator(I i);
    constexpr common_iterator(S s);
    template<class I2, class S2>
      requires convertible_to<const I2&, I> && convertible_to<const S2&, S>
        constexpr common_iterator(const common_iterator<I2, S2>& x);

    template<class I2, class S2>
      requires convertible_to<const I2&, I> && convertible_to<const S2&, S> &&
               assignable_from<I&, const I2&> && assignable_from<S&, const S2&>
        common_iterator& operator=(const common_iterator<I2, S2>& x);

    decltype(auto) operator*();
    decltype(auto) operator*() const
      requires dereferenceable<const I>;
    decltype(auto) operator->() const
      requires see below;

    common_iterator& operator++();
    decltype(auto) operator++(int);

    template<class I2, sentinel_for<I> S2>
      requires sentinel_for<S, I2>
    friend bool operator==(
      const common_iterator& x, const common_iterator<I2, S2>& y);
    template<class I2, sentinel_for<I> S2>
      requires sentinel_for<S, I2> && equality_comparable_with<I, I2>
    friend bool operator==(
      const common_iterator& x, const common_iterator<I2, S2>& y);

    template<sized_sentinel_for<I> I2, sized_sentinel_for<I> S2>
      requires sized_sentinel_for<S, I2>
    friend iter_difference_t<I2> operator-(
      const common_iterator& x, const common_iterator<I2, S2>& y);

    friend iter_rvalue_reference_t<I> iter_move(const common_iterator& i)
      noexcept(noexcept(ranges::iter_move(declval<const I&>())))
        requires input_iterator<I>;
    template<indirectly_swappable<I> I2, class S2>
      friend void iter_swap(const common_iterator& x, const common_iterator<I2, S2>& y)
        noexcept(noexcept(ranges::iter_swap(declval<const I&>(), declval<const I2&>())));

  private:
    variant<I, S> v_;   // exposition only
  };

  template<class I, class S>
  struct incrementable_traits<common_iterator<I, S>> {
    using difference_type = iter_difference_t<I>;
  };

  template<input_iterator I, class S>
  struct iterator_traits<common_iterator<I, S>> {
    using iterator_concept = see below;
    using iterator_category = see below;
    using value_type = iter_value_t<I>;
    using difference_type = iter_difference_t<I>;
    using pointer = see below;
    using reference = iter_reference_t<I>;
  };
}