[stmt.ranged]

The range-based for statement

for ( for-range-declaration : for-range-initializer ) statement

is equivalent to

{
	auto &&__range = for-range-initializer ;
	auto __begin = begin-expr ;
	auto __end = end-expr ;
	for ( ; __begin != __end; ++__begin ) {
		for-range-declaration = *__begin;
		statement
	}
}

where

(1.1)
if the for-range-initializer is an expression, it is regarded as if it were surrounded by parentheses (so that a comma operator cannot be reinterpreted as delimiting two init-declarators);
(1.2)
__range, __begin, and __end are variables defined for exposition only; and
(1.3)
begin-expr and end-expr are determined as follows:
- (1.3.1)
  if the for-range-initializer is an expression of array type R, begin-expr and end-expr are __range and __range + __bound, respectively, where __bound is the array bound. If R is an array of unknown bound or an array of incomplete type, the program is ill-formed;
- (1.3.2)
  if the for-range-initializer is an expression of class type C, the unqualified-ids begin and end are looked up in the scope of C as if by class member access lookup, and if either (or both) finds at least one declaration, begin-expr and end-expr are __range.begin() and __range.end(), respectively;
- (1.3.3)
  otherwise, begin-expr and end-expr are begin(__range) and end(__range), respectively, where begin and end are looked up in the associated namespaces. [ Note: Ordinary unqualified lookup is not performed. — end note ]

[ Example:

int array[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
for (int& x : array)
  x *= 2;

— end example ]

9 Statements [stmt.stmt]

9.5 Iteration statements [stmt.iter]

9.5.4 The range-based for statement [stmt.ranged]