A function definition of the form:
attribute-specifier-seqopt decl-specifier-seqopt declarator virt-specifier-seqopt = default ;
is called an explicitly-defaulted definition. A function that is explicitly defaulted shall
be a special member function,
have the same declared function type (except for possibly differing ref-qualifiers and except that in the case of a copy constructor or copy assignment operator, the parameter type may be “reference to non-const T”, where T is the name of the member function's class) as if it had been implicitly declared, and
not have default arguments.
An explicitly-defaulted function that is not defined as deleted may be declared constexpr only if it would have been implicitly declared as constexpr. If a function is explicitly defaulted on its first declaration, it is implicitly considered to be constexpr if the implicit declaration would be.
If a function that is explicitly defaulted is declared with a noexcept-specifier that does not produce the same exception specification as the implicit declaration ([except.spec]), then
if the function is explicitly defaulted on its first declaration, it is defined as deleted;
otherwise, the program is ill-formed.
[ Example:
struct S { constexpr S() = default; // ill-formed: implicit S() is not constexpr S(int a = 0) = default; // ill-formed: default argument void operator=(const S&) = default; // ill-formed: non-matching return type ~S() noexcept(false) = default; // deleted: exception specification does not match private: int i; S(S&); // OK: private copy constructor }; S::S(S&) = default; // OK: defines copy constructor
— end example ]
Explicitly-defaulted functions and implicitly-declared functions are collectively called defaulted functions, and the implementation shall provide implicit definitions for them ([class.ctor] [class.dtor], [class.copy]), which might mean defining them as deleted. A function is user-provided if it is user-declared and not explicitly defaulted or deleted on its first declaration. A user-provided explicitly-defaulted function (i.e., explicitly defaulted after its first declaration) is defined at the point where it is explicitly defaulted; if such a function is implicitly defined as deleted, the program is ill-formed. [ Note: Declaring a function as defaulted after its first declaration can provide efficient execution and concise definition while enabling a stable binary interface to an evolving code base. — end note ]
[ Example:
struct trivial {
trivial() = default;
trivial(const trivial&) = default;
trivial(trivial&&) = default;
trivial& operator=(const trivial&) = default;
trivial& operator=(trivial&&) = default;
~trivial() = default;
};
struct nontrivial1 {
nontrivial1();
};
nontrivial1::nontrivial1() = default; // not first declaration
— end example ]