24 Strings library [strings]

24.5 Null-terminated sequence utilities [c.strings]

24.5.1 Header <cctype> synopsis [cctype.syn]

namespace std {
  int isalnum(int c);
  int isalpha(int c);
  int isblank(int c);
  int iscntrl(int c);
  int isdigit(int c);
  int isgraph(int c);
  int islower(int c);
  int isprint(int c);
  int ispunct(int c);
  int isspace(int c);
  int isupper(int c);
  int isxdigit(int c);
  int tolower(int c);
  int toupper(int c);
}
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The contents and meaning of the header <cctype> are the same as the C standard library header <ctype.h>.

See also: ISO C 7.4

24.5.2 Header <cwctype> synopsis [cwctype.syn]

namespace std {
  using wint_t = see below;
  using wctrans_t = see below;
  using wctype_t = see below;

  int iswalnum(wint_t wc);
  int iswalpha(wint_t wc);
  int iswblank(wint_t wc);
  int iswcntrl(wint_t wc);
  int iswdigit(wint_t wc);
  int iswgraph(wint_t wc);
  int iswlower(wint_t wc);
  int iswprint(wint_t wc);
  int iswpunct(wint_t wc);
  int iswspace(wint_t wc);
  int iswupper(wint_t wc);
  int iswxdigit(wint_t wc);
  int iswctype(wint_t wc, wctype_t desc);
  wctype_t wctype(const char* property);
  wint_t towlower(wint_t wc);
  wint_t towupper(wint_t wc);
  wint_t towctrans(wint_t wc, wctrans_t desc);
  wctrans_t wctrans(const char* property);
}

#define WEOF see below
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The contents and meaning of the header <cwctype> are the same as the C standard library header <wctype.h>.

See also: ISO C 7.30

24.5.3 Header <cstring> synopsis [cstring.syn]

namespace std {
  using size_t = see [support.types.layout];

  void* memcpy(void* s1, const void* s2, size_t n);
  void* memmove(void* s1, const void* s2, size_t n);
  char* strcpy(char* s1, const char* s2);
  char* strncpy(char* s1, const char* s2, size_t n);
  char* strcat(char* s1, const char* s2);
  char* strncat(char* s1, const char* s2, size_t n);
  int memcmp(const void* s1, const void* s2, size_t n);
  int strcmp(const char* s1, const char* s2);
  int strcoll(const char* s1, const char* s2);
  int strncmp(const char* s1, const char* s2, size_t n);
  size_t strxfrm(char* s1, const char* s2, size_t n);
  const void* memchr(const void* s, int c, size_t n);  // see [library.c]
  void* memchr(void* s, int c, size_t n)  // see [library.c]
  const char* strchr(const char* s, int c)  // see [library.c]
  char* strchr(char* s, int c)  // see [library.c]
  size_t strcspn(const char* s1, const char* s2);
  const char* strpbrk(const char* s1, const char* s2)  // see [library.c]
  char* strpbrk(char* s1, const char* s2)  // see [library.c]
  const char* strrchr(const char* s, int c)  // see [library.c]
  char* strrchr(char* s, int c)  // see [library.c]
  size_t strspn(const char* s1, const char* s2);
  const char* strstr(const char* s1, const char* s2)  // see [library.c]
  char* strstr(char* s1, const char* s2)  // see [library.c]
  char* strtok(char* s1, const char* s2);
  void* memset(void* s, int c, size_t n);
  char* strerror(int errnum);
  size_t strlen(const char* s);
}

#define NULL see [support.types.nullptr]
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The contents and meaning of the header <cstring> are the same as the C standard library header <string.h>.

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The functions strerror and strtok are not required to avoid data races.

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The functions memcpy and memmove are signal-safe ([csignal.syn]).

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[ Note: The functions strchr, strpbrk, strrchr, strstr, and memchr, have different signatures in this International Standard, but they have the same behavior as in the C standard library.  — end note ]

See also: ISO C 7.24.

24.5.4 Header <cwchar> synopsis [cwchar.syn]

namespace std {
  using size_t = see [support.types.layout];
  using mbstate_t = see below;
  using wint_t = see below;

  struct tm;

  int fwprintf(FILE* stream, const wchar_t* format, ...);
  int fwscanf(FILE* stream, const wchar_t* format, ...);
  int swprintf(wchar_t* s, size_t n, const wchar_t* format, ...);
  int swscanf(const wchar_t* s, const wchar_t* format, ...);
  int vfwprintf(FILE* stream, const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
  int vfwscanf(FILE* stream, const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
  int vswprintf(wchar_t* s, size_t n, const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
  int vswscanf(const wchar_t* s, const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
  int vwprintf(const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
  int vwscanf(const wchar_t* format, va_list arg);
  int wprintf(const wchar_t* format, ...);
  int wscanf(const wchar_t* format, ...);
  wint_t fgetwc(FILE* stream);
  wchar_t* fgetws(wchar_t* s, int n, FILE* stream);
  wint_t fputwc(wchar_t c, FILE* stream);
  int fputws(const wchar_t* s, FILE* stream);
  int fwide(FILE* stream, int mode);
  wint_t getwc(FILE* stream);
  wint_t getwchar();
  wint_t putwc(wchar_t c, FILE* stream);
  wint_t putwchar(wchar_t c);
  wint_t ungetwc(wint_t c, FILE* stream);
  double wcstod(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr);
  float wcstof(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr);
  long double wcstold(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr);
  long int wcstol(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr, int base);
  long long int wcstoll(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr, int base);
  unsigned long int wcstoul(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr, int base);
  unsigned long long int wcstoull(const wchar_t* nptr, wchar_t** endptr, int base);
  wchar_t* wcscpy(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2);
  wchar_t* wcsncpy(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n);
  wchar_t* wmemcpy(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n);
  wchar_t* wmemmove(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n);
  wchar_t* wcscat(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2);
  wchar_t* wcsncat(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n);
  int wcscmp(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2);
  int wcscoll(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2);
  int wcsncmp(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n);
  size_t wcsxfrm(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n);
  int wmemcmp(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, size_t n);
  const wchar_t* wcschr(const wchar_t* s, wchar_t c)  // see [library.c]
  wchar_t* wcschr(wchar_t* s, wchar_t c)  // see [library.c]
  size_t wcscspn(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2);
  const wchar_t* wcspbrk(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2)  // see [library.c]
  wchar_t* wcspbrk(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2)  // see [library.c]
  const wchar_t* wcsrchr(const wchar_t* s, wchar_t c)  // see [library.c]
  wchar_t* wcsrchr(wchar_t* s, wchar_t c)  // see [library.c]
  size_t wcsspn(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2);
  const wchar_t* wcsstr(const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2)  // see [library.c]
  wchar_t* wcsstr(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2)  // see [library.c]
  wchar_t* wcstok(wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2, wchar_t** ptr);
  const wchar_t* wmemchr(const wchar_t* s, wchar_t c, size_t n)  // see [library.c]
  wchar_t* wmemchr(wchar_t* s, wchar_t c, size_t n)  // see [library.c]
  size_t wcslen(const wchar_t* s);
  wchar_t* wmemset(wchar_t* s, wchar_t c, size_t n);
  size_t wcsftime(wchar_t* s, size_t maxsize, const wchar_t* format, const struct tm* timeptr);
  wint_t btowc(int c);
  int wctob(wint_t c);

  // [c.mb.wcs], multibyte / wide string and character conversion functions
  int mbsinit(const mbstate_t* ps);
  size_t mbrlen(const char* s, size_t n, mbstate_t* ps);
  size_t mbrtowc(wchar_t* pwc, const char* s, size_t n, mbstate_t* ps);
  size_t wcrtomb(char* s, wchar_t wc, mbstate_t* ps);
  size_t mbsrtowcs(wchar_t* dst, const char** src, size_t len, mbstate_t* ps);
  size_t wcsrtombs(char* dst, const wchar_t** src, size_t len, mbstate_t* ps);
}

#define NULL see [support.types.nullptr]
#define WCHAR_MAX see below
#define WCHAR_MIN see below
#define WEOF see below
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The contents and meaning of the header <cwchar> are the same as the C standard library header <wchar.h>, except that it does not declare a type wchar_­t.

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[ Note: The functions wcschr, wcspbrk, wcsrchr, wcsstr, and wmemchr have different signatures in this International Standard, but they have the same behavior as in the C standard library.  — end note ]

See also: ISO C 7.29

24.5.5 Header <cuchar> synopsis [cuchar.syn]

namespace std {
  using mbstate_t = see below;
  using size_t = see [support.types.layout];

  size_t mbrtoc16(char16_t* pc16, const char* s, size_t n, mbstate_t* ps);
  size_t c16rtomb(char* s, char16_t c16, mbstate_t* ps);
  size_t mbrtoc32(char32_t* pc32, const char* s, size_t n, mbstate_t* ps);
  size_t c32rtomb(char* s, char32_t c32, mbstate_t* ps);
}
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The contents and meaning of the header <cuchar> are the same as the C standard library header <uchar.h>, except that it does not declare types char16_­t nor char32_­t.

See also: ISO C 7.28

24.5.6 Multibyte / wide string and character conversion functions [c.mb.wcs]

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[ Note: The headers <cstdlib> and <cwchar> declare the functions described in this subclause.  — end note ]

int mbsinit(const mbstate_t* ps); int mblen(const char* s, size_t n); size_t mbstowcs(wchar_t* pwcs, const char* s, size_t n); size_t wcstombs(char* s, const wchar_t* pwcs, size_t n);

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Effects: These functions have the semantics specified in the C standard library.

See also: ISO C 7.22.7.1, 7.22.8, 7.29.6.2.1

int mbtowc(wchar_t* pwc, const char* s, size_t n); int wctomb(char* s, wchar_t wchar);

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Effects: These functions have the semantics specified in the C standard library.

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Remarks: Calls to these functions may introduce a data race ([res.on.data.races]) with other calls to the same function.

See also: ISO C 7.22.7

size_t mbrlen(const char* s, size_t n, mbstate_t* ps); size_t mbrtowc(wchar_t* pwc, const char* s, size_t n, mbstate_t* ps); size_t wcrtomb(char* s, wchar_t wc, mbstate_t* ps); size_t mbsrtowcs(wchar_t* dst, const char** src, size_t len, mbstate_t* ps); size_t wcsrtombs(char* dst, const wchar_t** src, size_t len, mbstate_t* ps);

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Effects: These functions have the semantics specified in the C standard library.

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Remarks: Calling these functions with an mbstate_­t* argument that is a null pointer value may introduce a data race ([res.on.data.races]) with other calls to the same function with an mbstate_­t* argument that is a null pointer value.

See also: ISO C 7.29.6.3