2 Lexical conventions [lex]

2.13 Literals [lex.literal]

2.13.2 Integer literals [lex.icon]

integer-literal:
    binary-literal integer-suffixopt
    octal-literal integer-suffixopt
    decimal-literal integer-suffixopt
    hexadecimal-literal integer-suffixopt
binary-literal:
    0b binary-digit
    0B binary-digit
    binary-literal 'opt binary-digit
octal-literal:
    0
    octal-literal 'opt octal-digit
decimal-literal:
    nonzero-digit
    decimal-literal 'opt digit
hexadecimal-literal:
    hexadecimal-prefix hexadecimal-digit-sequence
binary-digit:
    0
    1
octal-digit: one of
    0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7
nonzero-digit: one of
    1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9
hexadecimal-prefix: one of
    0x  0X
hexadecimal-digit-sequence:
    hexadecimal-digit
    hexadecimal-digit-sequence 'opt hexadecimal-digit
hexadecimal-digit: one of
    0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9
    a  b  c  d  e  f
    A  B  C  D  E  F
integer-suffix:
    unsigned-suffix long-suffixopt 
    unsigned-suffix long-long-suffixopt 
    long-suffix unsigned-suffixopt 
    long-long-suffix unsigned-suffixopt
unsigned-suffix: one of
    u  U
long-suffix: one of
    l  L
long-long-suffix: one of
    ll  LL
1

An integer literal is a sequence of digits that has no period or exponent part, with optional separating single quotes that are ignored when determining its value. An integer literal may have a prefix that specifies its base and a suffix that specifies its type. The lexically first digit of the sequence of digits is the most significant. A binary integer literal (base two) begins with 0b or 0B and consists of a sequence of binary digits. An octal integer literal (base eight) begins with the digit 0 and consists of a sequence of octal digits.23 A decimal integer literal (base ten) begins with a digit other than 0 and consists of a sequence of decimal digits. A hexadecimal integer literal (base sixteen) begins with 0x or 0X and consists of a sequence of hexadecimal digits, which include the decimal digits and the letters a through f and A through F with decimal values ten through fifteen. [ Example: The number twelve can be written 12, 014, 0XC, or 0b1100. The literals 1048576, 1'048'576, 0X100000, 0x10'0000, and 0'004'000'000 all have the same value.  — end example ]

2

The type of an integer literal is the first of the corresponding list in Table [tab:lex.type.integer.literal] in which its value can be represented.

Table 7 — Types of integer literals
SuffixDecimal literalBinary, octal, or hexadecimal literal
none int int
long int unsigned int
long long int long int
unsigned long int
long long int
unsigned long long int
u or U unsigned int unsigned int
unsigned long int unsigned long int
unsigned long long int unsigned long long int
l or L long int long int
long long int unsigned long int
long long int
unsigned long long int
Both u or U unsigned long int unsigned long int
and l or L unsigned long long int unsigned long long int
ll or LL long long int long long int
unsigned long long int
Both u or U unsigned long long int unsigned long long int
and ll or LL
3

If an integer literal cannot be represented by any type in its list and an extended integer type ([basic.fundamental]) can represent its value, it may have that extended integer type. If all of the types in the list for the literal are signed, the extended integer type shall be signed. If all of the types in the list for the literal are unsigned, the extended integer type shall be unsigned. If the list contains both signed and unsigned types, the extended integer type may be signed or unsigned. A program is ill-formed if one of its translation units contains an integer literal that cannot be represented by any of the allowed types.

23)

The digits 8 and 9 are not octal digits.