namespace std {
class locale::facet {
protected:
explicit facet(size_t refs = 0);
virtual ~facet();
facet(const facet&) = delete;
void operator=(const facet&) = delete;
};
}
Template parameters in this Clause which are required to be facets are those named Facet in declarations. A program that passes a type that is not a facet, or a type that refers to a volatile-qualified facet, as an (explicit or deduced) template parameter to a locale function expecting a facet, is ill-formed. A const-qualified facet is a valid template argument to any locale function that expects a Facet template parameter.
The refs argument to the constructor is used for lifetime management.
For refs == 0, the implementation performs delete static_cast<locale::facet*>(f) (where f is a pointer to the facet) when the last locale object containing the facet is destroyed; for refs == 1, the implementation never destroys the facet.
Constructors of all facets defined in this Clause take such an argument and pass it along to their facet base class constructor. All one-argument constructors defined in this Clause are explicit, preventing their participation in automatic conversions.
For some standard facets a standard “…_byname” class, derived from it, implements the virtual function semantics equivalent to that facet of the locale constructed by locale(const char*) with the same name. Each such facet provides a constructor that takes a const char* argument, which names the locale, and a refs argument, which is passed to the base class constructor. Each such facet also provides a constructor that takes a string argument str and a refs argument, which has the same effect as calling the first constructor with the two arguments str.c_str() and refs. If there is no “…_byname” version of a facet, the base class implements named locale semantics itself by reference to other facets.